Internet Communication Technology (ICT) for Reconciliation by Iyad Muhsen AlDajani

Author:Iyad Muhsen AlDajani
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030412036
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Criticism value: It is the ability to criticize wrong decisions and to reconcile its own expressive and instrumental values.

6.1.6 Achieving Deliberative Democracy

The discourse for achieving deliberative democracy in a political system, or in any community within its citizen always varies due to its repetitive and changing nature. In the following subsections, I review some of the principles that hold to reach deliberative democracy, whether for decisions made for the benefit of the government or the public; those principles were specified by Gutmann and Thompson (2004).

Procedural Principle and Substantive Principle

The procedural principle holds that the procedures should apply only to the process of making political decisions in governments, or civil society and that the decision-making is subject to a process gained by deliberative democratic instruments. Substantive principle refers to the principle that whether the procedural outcomes were consistent with human rights, such as freedom of speech and expression, individual liberty, equal opportunity, freedom of religion, non-discrimination, and primary health care. Sometimes the outcome of procedure principle in deliberative democracy is not as accepted by the citizens and does not hold the substantive principle level. In this case, the procedure principle will not hold equal rights to all its citizens. Therefore, the procedural principle will fail.

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